Causes of Malignancy in Neoplasm

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Causes of Malignancy in Neoplasm

Usually, tumors occur at a considerable rate, specifically in humans and older animals. However, most impose diminutive risks since they are small and localized within their hosts. Such neoplasms are defined as benign. It is clear when a neoplasm is benign because it is comprised of cells that intimately resemble and function similar to usual cells. The surface contact molecules that secure the tissues together maintain benign tumors localized to the proper tissues. However, for a neoplasm to develop towards malignancy, it needs to possess a protein characteristic of the type of cell from which it originated (Glare and Christakis 37. If this is evident, significant quantities of the cells develop and divide rapidly than usual. Even though some malignant tumors can remain localized and encapsulated, most move from their derivative site and invade the encompassing tissues, travel into the circulatory system of the body, and develop locations of proliferation far from the location of their original materialization.

The evidence of a protein characteristic influences neoplasms to produce elements that contribute to malignancy. Accordingly, tumors provide increased levels of receptors, which are designated of proteins constituting the basal laminae (Glare and Christakis 56). Normally, the basal laminae accounts for the restriction of abnormal cell movement in order the breakage of cells. However, in tumor cells, the increased receptors, which contain proteins and polysaccharides, secrete enzymes, which digest the basal laminae’s proteins. This elevated protease activity endorses metastasis by assisting the neoplasm to digest and enter the basal lamina (Glare and Christakis 60). Hence, the metastatic cells rupture their connections with other cells within the originating tissue and defeat the restrictions on the movement of cells established by basal laminae. As it disintegrates, the tumors enter into another tissue and lead to the formation of malignant tumors.

Reference

Glare, Paul, and Nicholas A. Christakis. Prognosis in Advanced Cancer. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008. Print.