Answering Questions

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Answering Questions

Section 1

Question 1

Aristotle supports the practice of slavery as he thinks that is more of a natural occurrence as compared to a conventional system. His theory points to the natural forms of individuals being slaves while others are mere masters. He states that the slaves were naturally well embodied by possessing strong bodies and powerful abilities, but lacked the capacity to rule themselves. Thus, such individuals become beasts meant for burden and utilization. The differential aspect to animals is that they were human and could not rule over themselves. His theory also alleged that the right kinds of bodies and sould did not necessarily or has to match at any given cost. Thus, the soul of a freeman with the body of a slave was common and natural occurrence to him. In addition, he seeks reaffirmation through the natural ability of men having to rule over women.

Question 3

The allegory of the cave is Plato’s philosophical view of comparison to the effect on education, its lack, and the nature. It describes people, who are gathered and all their lives have lived in a cave, chained to the wall. By viewing of shadow imaged on the wall from movement from a fire, the prisoners designate certain names. That is the closest to reality that they get. Plato then compared a philosopher like a prisoner, who had been freed from the cave. He deciphered the no-reality show of the shadows within the cave. Allegory is a hidden meaning of interpreted idea or story, poem on a typical political or moral basis. Thus, the cave showed the hidden meaning of lacking education and constituted non-reality towards the shadow.

Question 5

Plato’s noble lie centered on a myth or rather, an untruth as delivered to the society. It points to political process of advancing a myth by the elite as means to maintain social harmony. The myth is of a religious nature and is quite known by the elite in order to advance a calculated agenda. Noble lie is a falsehood that is created due to a need and brought up for the purposes of talking. It relates to the understanding of the ideal city-state by the harmony created. The noble lie is essential for creating the ideal state since the good effect generated by the noble lie and falsehood would make the people to care for the state as well as each other. Its aim is for a united state even though a calculated myth is used to garner the needs for all and prosperity.

Question 6

Aristotle idea of the telos is centered on a constrained sense of purpose, end, or goal. Aristotle viewed that excellence on contemplation of a philosophical action, that was also virtuous, belonged to a good person. He believed that in nature, the imperfect aspect of people enabled them to transform into a perfect sense and development. Thus, the achievement of something good was through an actualized lead, from which the source was in itself good. The idea of telos by Aristotle in politics is based on virtuous life through citizenry and its employment by the political community. He believed that the citizens had to be active in politics to enable a virtuous life since good deserved the same. It was al down through the process and result of the purpose.

Section 2

Question 1

The ideal constitutions as promoted by Plato and Aristotle have both similarities and differences. In both views, the constitution is seen as the primary basis for formation of the society and subsequent needs for its governing. The evaluation of both philosophers is used as vital analysis of constitution since they both determine the theoretical and existing ones. Both philosophers seek means of achieving prosperity through enhanced mechanisms for the general good of the people. However, the differences in both philosophers’’ constitution promotion is through the existing and targeted outcomes. Plato does not see the essence of inclusiveness of the people towards governing through constitution while Aristotle is of the idea that it has to start from the people. Plato’s idea in addition was the constitution would be facilitated by trained leaders on running the ideal state, while Aristotle was of the idea that improvement was the basis.

            The fundamental differences to the approaches between Plato and Aristotle stem from their view on society. Plato on one hand sees the perfect society and creates the blueprint required for it. On the other hand, Aristotle sees that the perfect has to be achieved through improvement from the present. Plato stems his view that the afflictions would be eased in the society while Aristotle seeks the best system for achieving improvement through suggested and practical means. Thus, with Plato’s perfect view he sees that the constitution should only be a means of maintaining the ideal society’s needs. On the other hand, Aristotle’s suggestions for achieving improvement enable his view on the constitution as integrating the people with the leaders in order to achieve the best system for them through deductive means.